Lightning arrester insulation test

A lightning arrester is an electrical appliance that protects electrical equipment from overvoltages. It is connected in parallel to electrical equipment. Once an overvoltage occurs, it is discharged to the ground. At present, lightning arresters for power system applications include valve type arresters and metal oxide surge arresters (zinc oxide arresters).

First, valve type arrester insulation

        Valve type arresters can be divided into two types: ordinary type and magnetic blow type. The common type can be divided into two types of shunt resistance (FS type) and shunt resistance (FZ type); the magnetic blow type can be divided into arc extended type gap (FCZ type) and arc rotating type gap (FCD type). Two. Figure 1-36 to Figure 1-39 show the insulation structure of several valve type arresters. The most basic components of the valve arrester are the spark gap (referred to as the gap) and the non-linear working resistor (referred to as the valve plate), which are stacked in series in the sealed porcelain sleeve. The valve plate is made of silicon carbide (sic), and the non-linear parallel resistance is connected in parallel to a plurality of spark gaps, mainly to uniformly distribute the power frequency voltage along the gap and improve the arc extinguishing performance. The equalizing ring is used to increase the impulse discharge voltage. For fine high arrester, also equipped with an insulating rod, to increase the mechanical strength. The insulated base is used for seated lightning arresters and facilitates the installation of an action recorder. The high and low pressure ends are respectively led out by metal fittings at both ends of the porcelain sleeve.

Second, metal oxide arrester insulation

        The Metal Oxide Lightning Arrester (MOA) is a modern lightning arrester, also known as a zinc oxide surge arrester. It has many advantages such as simple structure, good nonlinear characteristics of zinc oxide resistors, large flow capacity, reduced overvoltage of electrical equipment, better protection performance than valve arresters, and has been widely used. Figure 1-40 to Figure 1-42 show the shape and internal structure of several zinc oxide surge arresters.

        Since the zinc oxide arrester is stacked with zinc oxide valve sheets (see Figure 1-42), the gap can be completely eliminated, so the structure of the zinc oxide arrester is much simpler than the valve type arrester structure.

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