An optical prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light.
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Reflective prisms are used to reflect light, in order to flip, invert, rotate, deviate or displace the light beam. They are typically used to erect the image in binoculars or single-lens reflex cameras – without the prisms the image would be upside down for the user. Many reflective prisms use total internal reflection to achieve high reflectivity.
The most common reflective prisms are:
Porro prism
Porro–Abbe prism
Amici roof prism
Pentaprism and roof pentaprism
Abbe–Koenig prism
Schmidt–Pechan prism
Bauernfeind prism
Dove prism
Retroreflector prism
Beam-splitting prisms
Some reflective prisms are used for splitting a beam into two or more beams:
Beam splitter cube
Dichroic prism
With the rapid advancement of UAV tilt photography, especially through the Roc series wing VTOL drones equipped with multiple sensors that capture images from various angles, it has become possible to obtain more complete and accurate spatial information about the ground. This technology enables the fast and detailed creation of 3D models over large areas.