Technology Model of Energy Internet_Development Trend of Energy Internet
**Overview of the Energy Internet**
From now until the middle of this century, it is a critical period for the development of a global Energy Internet. The construction of a global Energy Internet can be divided into three stages: domestic interconnection, intracontinental interconnection, and intercontinental interconnection. By 2020, the focus will be on accelerating the development of clean energy and the interconnection of domestic power grids. By 2030, the emphasis will shift to promoting large-scale clean energy bases across continents and cross-border grid interconnections. By 2050, the goal will be to develop “one pole together†— focusing on the Arctic and Equator regions as key energy bases, while promoting continental interconnection and completing the global Energy Internet.
The European Union, the United States, and China have all set ambitious targets for renewable energy. The EU aims for 100% renewable energy by 2050, the U.S. targets 80%, and China aims for 60%-70%. To ensure the healthy and orderly development of China’s Energy Internet, a two-phase approach will be implemented. From 2016 to 2018, pilot projects will be launched to demonstrate the concept. From 2019 to 2025, the focus will be on diversification and large-scale development of the Energy Internet.
The progress of the global Energy Internet largely depends on technological advancements in clean power generation, ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission, smart grid technology, advanced energy storage, and big data analytics. These innovations are essential for building a more efficient, flexible, and sustainable energy system.
**Energy Internet Technology Models**
Smart Grids are the core technology model of the Energy Internet. A Smart Grid integrates modern information and energy storage technologies with the goal of being “green and efficient.†It features bidirectional interaction and flatness, enabling better integration of renewable energy sources. Narrowly defined, Smart Grids refer to low-carbon microgrids based on distributed energy sources. Broadly defined, they include entire regional and national green grids.
While the concept of the Energy Internet is broader, Smart Grids represent its practical implementation. They serve as the technical foundation that supports the transformation of traditional power systems into more sustainable models. Jeremy Rifkin’s “energy sharing network†from *The Third Industrial Revolution* aligns closely with the idea of a Smart Grid.
In China, much of the current research on the Energy Internet falls under the umbrella of Smart Grid development. This includes distributed energy integration, microgrid control, demand response, electric vehicle charging, and intelligent home energy systems. However, there is a growing recognition that the Energy Internet goes beyond Smart Grids.
Another key model is the Smart Energy Network, which integrates various energy forms such as electricity, gas, heat, and cold through coordinated planning and intelligent control. This model emphasizes energy synergy, efficiency, and user-centric service. Together, Smart Grids and Smart Energy Networks form the backbone of the Energy Internet.
**Development Trends of the Energy Internet**
1. **Accelerated Growth of Clean Energy Generation**
Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and biomass are expanding rapidly. Distributed energy systems are reshaping traditional energy landscapes and driving the transition toward cleaner energy.
2. **Expansion of the Energy Storage Market**
Energy storage systems are becoming crucial for balancing supply and demand. By 2020, China’s energy storage market is expected to reach 66.8 GW, supporting grid stability and renewable integration.
3. **Smart Grids Improve Resource Allocation**
Smart Grids enhance the efficiency of power distribution, support large-scale clean energy integration, and improve grid resilience. UHV and smart grid technologies are vital for the global Energy Internet.
4. **Big Data Analytics Enhances Efficiency**
Big data plays a key role in optimizing energy use and decision-making. Platforms like ETHINK help unlock value from data, enabling smarter energy management and better service delivery.
5. **Integration of Energy and Other Industries**
The Energy Internet fosters collaboration between energy and other sectors. With the rise of distributed energy and electric vehicles, the coupling between power and transportation systems is increasing.
6. **Shift from Electricity Sales to Integrated Energy Services**
Traditional energy companies are evolving into integrated service providers, offering combined solutions for heat, electricity, gas, and more.
7. **Rapid Internationalization of Power Trade**
Cross-border power trade is growing faster than fossil fuel trade. In the future, electricity will become the main component of global energy trade, replacing traditional fossil fuels.
As the Energy Internet continues to evolve, it promises a more sustainable, efficient, and interconnected global energy system.
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